When Johann Vaaler patented his paper clip in 1901, similar designs on the books already existed.

William Middlebrook of Waterbury, Connecticut patented his design in 1899. Cornelius Brosnan of Springfields, Massachusetts patented his konaclips in 1900.

So, who was the first? Well, it is thought to be Johann Vaaler. drawings of his design date to early 1899, but since Norway had no patent law at that time, he had to seek patent rights in Germany and the US in the following years.

Johann Vaaler was born on 15 March 1866 in Aurskog, Norway. known as an innovator in his youth, he graduated in electronics, science, and mathematics. He was employed by the owner of an invention office when he invented the paper clip in 1899.